Wednesday, 26 August 2015

UN YEARS

Year
Importance
1961
International Health and Medical Research Year
1965
International Cooperation Year
1967
International Tourism Year
1968
International Human Rights Year
1970
International Education Year
1971
International Year for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination
1972
International Book Year
1974
World Population Year
1975
International Women's Year
1975
International Year of Volunteers
1979
International Year of Children
1981
International Year of the Disabled
1981
International Year of Ecotourism
1983
World Communications Year
1985
International Youth Year
1985
Year of the United Nations
1986
International Year of Peace against Slavery and Abortion
1987
International Year of Shelter for the Homeless
1990
International Literacy Year
1992
International Space Year
1993
International Year for Indigenous Populations
1994
International Year of the Family
1995
International Year of Tolerance
1996
International year of the Eradication of the Poverty.
1998
International Year of the Ocean
1999
International Year of the Old Persons
2000
International Year of the Culture of Peace
International Year of Thanksgiving
2001
International Year of Dialogue among Civilizations
International Year of Volunteers
International Year of Mobilization against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance
2002
International Year of Mountains
International Year of Ecotourism
United Nations Year for Cultural Heritage
2003
International Year of Freshwater
2004
International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition
International Year of Rice
2005
International Year of Microcredit
International Year of Sports and Physical Education
2006
International Year of Deserts and Desertification
2007
International Year of Scout
2008
International Year of Potato
International Year of Planet Earth
International Year of Languages
International Year of Sanitation
2009
International Year of Astronomy
International Year of Natural Fibers
International Year of Reconciliation
International Year of Shark
2010
International Year of Biodiversity
International Year of Youth
2011
International Year of People of African Descent
International Year of Forests
International Year of Chemistry
2012
International Year of Cooperatives
International Year of Sustainable Energy for All
2013
International Year of Water Cooperation
International Year of Quinoa
2014
International Year of Crystallography
International Year of Family Farming
International Year of small Island Developing States
International Year of Solidarity with the Palestinian People
2015
International Year of Soils
International year of Light and Light based technologies
2016
International Year of Pulses
International Year of Camelids


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FIRST IN HISTORY

The first person to reach Mount Everest Sherpa Tenzing, Edmund Hillary
The first person to reach South Pole Ambundsen
The first person to reach North Pole Robert Peary
The first religion of the World Hinduism
The first country to print book China
The first country to issue paper currency China
The first President of USA George Washington
The first Prime Minister of Britain Robert Walpole
The first Governor General of United Nations Trigveli
The first country to win football World cup Uruguay
The first Governor General of Pakistan Mohd. Ali Jinnah
The first European to attack India Alexander, The Great
The first European to attack China Marco Polo
The first person to fly Aeroplane Wright Brothers
The first person Sail around the earth Magellan
The first country to send Man to Moon USA
The first country to launch artificial satellite in space Russia
The first country to host modern olympics Greece
The first person to land on Moon Neil Armstrong
The first shuttle to go in space Columbia
The first spacecraft to reach on Mars Viking - 1
The first Woman prime minister of a country S. Bhandarnaike ((Sri Lanka)
The first woman prime minister of England Margaret Thatcher
The first woman to climb Mount Everest Mrs. Junko Tabei (Japan)
The first woman cosmonaut of the World Velentina Tereshkova (Russia)
The first woman president of the U.N. General Assembly Vijaya Lakshmi Patel
The first man to go into space Yuri Gagarin
The first man to have climbed Mount Everest twice Nawang Gombu
The first U.S. president to resign Presidency Richard Nixon
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Tuesday, 25 August 2015

WORLD WAR II - 1939

March 15: German troops march into Prague and took Bohemia & Moravia.
March 16: Germans take Czechoslovakia
March 22: Germans annex Memel; Lithuanians forced to sign treaty with Germany
March 28: Spanish civil war ends
March 23: Poland rejects German proposals on Danzig
March 31: Chamberlain announces Anglo-French guarantees to Poland
April 7: Italy invades Albania. Spain joins Germany, Italy & Japan in Anti-comintern part.
April 13: Britain, France guarantee independence of Rumania & Greece
April 28: Hitler rejects Roosevelt’s peace proposals, denounces Anglo-German Naval pact and German-Polish Non-aggression pact.
May 22: Germany signs ‘Pact of Steel’ with Italy a military alliances.
August 12: Anglo-French mission to Russia begins talk in Moscow.
August 23: Germany signs Non-aggression pact with Russia.
August 25: Britain & Poland signs a mutual Assistance treaty. Mussolini tells Hitler that Italy is not ready for war.
September 1: Germany invades Poland. France & Britain demand withdrawal of German troops in Poland. Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden declare themselves as neutral. Italy declares neutral in war between its own ally Germany and Poland.
September 3: Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand and India declare war on Germany. Belgium announces its neutrality in any European war. British liner Athenia became the first victim of German U-boat victim. 112 civilians killed including 28 Americans.
September 4: Japan declares neutrality in any European war.
September 5: German troops cross the Vistula River in Poland. US proclaims its Neutrality.
September 6: South Africa declares war on Germany.
September 7: Saar Offensive, French forces invade Saar Valley in Germany and advances into 8 kms.
September 10: Canada declares war on Germany & the Battle of Atlantic begins.
September 17: Soviet Red army invades Poland.
September 19: Soviet troops occupy Vilna.
September 22: Red Army captures Lwow.
September 23: German troops withdraw to the demarcation line agreed with Russia.
September 27: Warsaw surrenders to Germany.
September 29: Germany & Soviets divide up Poland. Russia signs pact with Estonia & Finland.
October 12: Stalin presents territorial demands to Finns.
October 27: US neutrality bill passed in Senate House.
November 1: The Netherlands declare itself neutral but mobilizes army and navy.
November 7: The Netherlands and Belgium issue joint offer of Mediation to find a path to peace.
November 8: Left wing activists attempt to assassinate Hitler fails in Munich.
November 9: Finland rejects Soviet demand
November 13: Soviet declares war on Finland and plans to set up Puppet Finnish government.
November 15: Germany rejects Belgium - Dutch offer for peace.
November 23: British merchant ship HMS Rawalpindi sunk by German battleship Scharnhorst.
November 27: Japan army captures Nanning in China. 
November 30: USSR invades Finland and bombs Helsinki.
December 2: Finnish army falls back to defenses on the Mannerheim Line.
December 3: International Olympics Committee cancels 1940 Olympics to be held in Finland.
December 7: Russians reach main Karelian defense line.
December 13: Battle of the river plate.
December 14: Russia expelled from the League of Nations.
December 22: Strong Finnish counter attack.
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WORLD WAR II - 1940


January 2: Russians attack heavily in Karelian Isthmus.
January 8: Russian 44th division destroyed in Karelian Isthmus.
February 5: Allied war council agrees to send aircrafts & weapons to Finland.
February 11: German-Soviet economic pact signed.
February 12: Finnish cabinet favors peace. Australians & New Zealanders arrive at Suez.
February 17: Finland decides to withdraw troops in Karelia.
March 5: Finland decides to accept peace treaty for negotiations.
March 11: Chamberlain announces allied help for Finland.
March 12: Finland signs peace treaty with Russia.
March 13: Winter war concluded with Treaty of Moscow.
March 18: Hitler and Mussolini meets at Brenner. Mussolini is vague about joining the war.
April 1: Finns are expelled from occupied areas by Russians.
April 9: Germans occupy Denmark & invade Norway. Norwegian artillery sinks German battle-cruiser Blucher off Oslo.
April 10: First battle of Narvik. Germany advances from Oslo.
April 15: British troops land in Norway near Narvik.
April 21: Fighting continues in Namsos, Trondheim & Narvik.
May 1: Norwegians surrender in Lillehammer.
May 10: Germany invades Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg. Chamberlain resigns from Prime minister. Churchill becomes British prime minister.
May 14: Air raid by Germans in Rotterdam.
May 15: Holland surrenders to the Germany.
May 18: German troops capture Antwerp.
May 26: Operation Dynamo – the evacuation of Allied troops begins at Dunkirk.
May 28: Belgium surrenders to Germany.
June 3: Germany bombs Paris. Operation Dynamo ends. Over all 210000 British and 120000 troops are evacuated from Dunkirk.
June 5: Battle of France begins.
June 7: French aircrafts bomb Berlin.
June 10: Italy declares war on Britain & France. Norway surrenders to Germany.
June 14: Germans enter into Paris. First attacks on Maginot line.
June 15: Germans capture Verdun. Russia invades Lithuania without declaring war.
June 16: Reynaud resigns & Marshall Petain becomes French Prime minister.
June 17: 
June 18: Hitler & Mussolini meet at Munich.
June 22: France signs armistice with Germany’s Nazi at Compiegne.
June 24: France signs armistice with Italy at Rome.
June 28: Britain recognizes General Charles De Gaulle as the Free French leader.
July 1: German U-boats attack merchant ships in the Atlantic.
July 10: Battle of Britain begins.
July 16: Hitler orders to get ready for the invasion of England to be completed by Mid-August.
July 21: Hitler orders preliminary preparations for attacking Russia.
July 23: Soviet Russia occupies Lithuania, Latvia & Estonia.
August 3: Italians invade British colony Somaliland in East Africa.
August 7: British agrees De Gaulle’s organization of Free French forces.
August 12: Portsmouth bombed by Germans.
August 13: ‘Eagle Day’ of the Battle of Britain. Germans bomb British airfields.
August 15: Air battle over Britain.
August 17: Hitler announces total blockade of Britain.
August 19: British troops withdrawn from Somaliland.
August 23: London Blitz began by German air raid.
August 25: Royal Air Force begins air raid on Berlin.
September 3: Hitler plans operation Sea Lion for September 21.
September 13: Italy invades Egypt and occupied Sallum.
September 15: Luftwaffe air raids over Britain. Britain shot down more than 50 German aircrafts.
September 18: Italians occupy Sidi Barrani.
September 22: Japan forces enter into Indo-China.
September 27: Germany, Italy, Japan signs Axis plan.
October 4: Hitler, Mussolini met at the Brenner Pass.
October 7: German troops enter Rumania.
October 28: Italians invade Greece.
November 1: Italians cross the Kalamas River.
November 3: British troops land in Greece.
November 5: Roosevelt re-elected as US President.
November 11: Torpedo raids cripple the Italian fleet at Taranta, Italy.
November 14: Greeks push Italians back into Albania.
November 22: Greeks take Koritsa by defeating Italian 9th army.
November 23: Rumania joins the axis power.
December 4: Greece enters Premeti & captures the Albanian port of Sarande.
December 9: British initiate the operation ‘Compass’, the offensive program in Western desert of Africa.
December 11: British capture Sidi Barrani.
December 12: 20000 Italians taken into Desert.
December 17: British occupy Sollum & Capture 38,000 Italian prisoners.
December 18: Hitler issues secret memo on operation Barbarossa.
December 29: Massive air raid over London by German.
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WORLD WAR II - 1941

January 3: Australian 6th Division enters through Bardia defense.  Luftwaffe arrives at Italy.
January 5: Australian & British armies capture Bardia and took 30,000 prisoners.
January 19: British advances into Eritrea and occupies Kassala in Sudan.
January 20: Roosevelt’s third term begins as President.
January 21: British & Australian army breakthrough Tobruk defense.
January 22:  Both British & Australian armies capture Tobruk.
February 3: British occupy Cyrene.
February 4: British army intercepts Italians at the Benghazi.
February 5: Fierce fighting between British & Italians at Benghazi.
February 6: British and Australian forces enter Benghazi.
February 7: Italians Collapsed at Beda Fomm.
February 8: Lend-Lease bill passed in the US House of Representatives. Australian and British occupy El Aghelia.
February 10: Mussolini accepts Hitler’s offer of German armored division.
February 11: German bombers attack convoy off Azores. British forces advance into Italian Somalia in East Africa.
February 12: German General Erwin Rommel arrives in Tripoli, North Africa.
February 19: Australian 8th division army enters into Singapore.
February 20: British forces cross the Juba River into Somaliland.
February 22: Rommel attacks at El Aghelia.
February 23: Free French forces arrive at Eritrea.
February 24: British cabinet agrees to send forces to Greece.
February 25: British Nigerian troops occupy Mogadishu.
March 1: Bulgaria joins Axis nations.
March 2: German troops arrive at Bulgaria.
March 4: British forces leave to Greece from Egypt.
March 5: Hitler commands Japan to participate actively in Far East.
March 6: British forces in Somaliland enter into Ethiopia.
March 7: British forces arrive at Greece.
March 8: Lend-Lease bill passed in US-Senate House by 60-31.
March 9: Italians launch offensive in Albania.
March 11: US President signs Lend-Lease bill.
March 12: USA sends $7,000,000,000 to British in Lend-Lease bill.
March 19: Germany gives Ultimatum to Yugoslavia.
March 24: Germany captures El Aghelia. British army clears Somaliland from Italians.
March 25: Yugoslavia signs tripartite pact.
March 27: Revolution in Yugoslavia. King Peter takes over and forms a new government.
March 28: Battle of Cape Matron.
March 30: German, Italian ships were seized in the US ports.
April 1: Rashid Ali takes power in Iraq.
April 2: British withdraw troops from Mersa Brega.
April 3: Pro-axis regime formed in Iraq.
April 4: Germans capture Benghazi, Msus.
April 6: Germans invade Greece & Yugoslavia. British capture Addis Ababa.
April 9: Rommel captures Bardia. German army enters into Thessaloniki.
April 10: Australian 9th Division withdrawn to Tobruk.
April 11: Blitz on Coventry. Italians & Hungarian troops enter into Yugoslavia.
April 12: Belgrade surrendered to Germany.
April 13: Rommel encircles Tobruk. Stalin signs neutrality act with Japan.
April 14: Germans attack Tobruk under Rommel.
April 17: Yugoslavia surrenders to the Nazis.
April 19: Bulgarians enter Macedonia. Heavy air raid over London by Luftwaffe.
April 20: Germans cut off Greek from Macedonia & Epirus.
April 21: Royal Navy attacks Tripoli. Japanese occupy Foochow.
April 22: Greek army enters into Thessaloniki. British forces start to withdraw.
April 24: Germans enter at Thermopylae.
April 25: Germans capture Halfaya pass & invade Lemnos. British pushed back to Mersa Matruh.
April 27: German troops enter into Athens. Greece surrenders to Germany.
April 30: RAF surrounded by Iraq troops at Habbaniyah.
May 1: German attack on Tobruk is repulsed.
May 2: British forces occupy Basra. Iraq demands withdrawal of British forces.
May 5: RAF drops bomb on Hamburg.
May 6: British & native levies defeat Iraqi troops around Habbaniyah.
May 10: Deputy Fuhrer Rudolph Hess flies to Scotland.
May 15: Operation Brevity begins, the British attack on Egypt.
May 16: Last British reinforcements arrive in Crete.
May 18: Bismarck sails from Gdynia.
May 20: German operation Merkur begins against Crete. Germany puts 120 divisions on Soviet front.
May 21: Germans capture Maleme airfield.
May 24: British ship Hood sunk by the Bismarck.
May 25: Bismarck escapes pursuers.
May 26: Bismarck stopped by Torpedo.
May 27: Bismarck sank by British navy.  Germans take Canea.
May 28: British evacuate Heraklion.
May 30: Iraq revolt collapses.
May 31: British Finnish evacuation of Crete.
June 1: British enter Baghdad.
June 4: Pro-allied government formed in Iraq.
June 8: Group of Allied forces (British, Australian, Indian, and Free French) invade Syria with the support of Royal Air Force & Navy.
June 11: USSR – Japan trade pact signed.
June 14: Operation ‘Battleaxe’ to relieve Tobruk begins. USA freezes German & Italian assets in America.
June 15: British forces attack Sollum.
June 21: Free French forces occupy Damascus.
June 22: Operation Barbarossa begins, Germany invades Russia. Italy & Rumania declare war on USSR.
June 23: German army crosses the Bug.
June 26: Finland declares war on USSR.
June 27: Sir Stafford Cripps & British military arrive at Moscow.
June 28: Nazi’s capture Minsk.
June 29: Stalin, Malenkov, Beria, Voroshilov forms defense committee.
June 30: Germans capture Lwan.
July 1: Germans capture Riga.
July 3: Stalin calls for ‘Scorched earth’ policy.
July 4: Tito announces resistance.
July 8: Germany & Italy partition Yugoslavia. Hitler plans to raze Moscow, Leningrad.
July 9: Germans take Minsk pocket & Vitebsk.
July 10: Germany urges Japan to fight against Russia. Germans cross the river Dnieper in Ukraine.
July 12: Anglo-Soviet mutual agreement signed.
July 14: Syria occupied by British forces.
July 18: USSR-Czech agreement signed in London.
July 21: Moscow bombed by Axis attack.
July 25: Japanese assets in US, UK frozen.
July 27: First raid in London after Churchill became prime minister.
July 28: Japanese troops land in Indo-China.
July 30: USSR-Polish agreement signed.
August 1: US oil embargo against Japanese aggressors.
August 3: Kleist, Stülpnagel Seal Uman pocket.
August 5: Soviet resistance in Smolensk ends.
August 7: Stalin becomes supreme commander. Red Air force begins air raid on Berlin.
August 12: Atlantic charter signed by Churchill & Roosevelt. North army group advances on Leningrad.
August 16: North army group captures Novgorod.
August 19: German encirclement of Leningrad begins.
August 21: Voroshilov calls for Leningrad defense to the last man.
August 24: Russian counterattack at Gomel. Finland army surrounds Russians at Vilipuri.
August 25: British & Russian army enters Persia.
August 28: Ceasefire in Persia, Ali Foroughi forms government.
August 29: Russians evacuate Karelian Isthmus.
September 1: Japanese army press announces that Japan must break out of Allied encirclement.
September 3: First use of gas chamber at Auschwitz.
September 4: Finland occupies Pre-war frontier. Heavy air raid on Malta.
September 5: Germans capture Estonia successfully.
September 6: Japanese Imperial conference decides to accept risk of war.
September 8: Leningrad surrounded by German tanks.
September 15: Siege of Soviet army begins.
September 19: Germans retake Kiev & Poltava.
September 25: German para-troops arrive at Crimea.
September 26: Hitler orders offensive against Russia.
September 28: Japanese occupy Changsha. First artic convoy to Russia leaves from Iceland.
September 29: Massacre of Jews by Nazis in Kiev.
October 2: Hitler issues order of Day to attack Moscow (operation Typhoon).  Germans launch attack against Moscow.
October 8: Germans take Orel.
October 10: Britain agreed to supply Russia on Lend-Lease term.
October 16: Soviet government leaves Moscow to Kuybhshev. Germans capture Odessa.
October 20: Resistance ends in Bryansk pocket. Germans capture Stalino. Japan navy prepares to attack Pearl Harbor.
October 21: General Zhukov appointed as commander of outer defense of Moscow.
October 24: Germans capture Kharkov.
October 27: Russians start counter attack in Moscow.
October 29: Germans enter through Crimea.
October 30: Bock attacks Moscow from North-west.
November 1: Germans capture Simferopol.
November 3: Germans capture Kursk. Yamamoto got approval to attack US fleet.
November 10: Churchill announces Britain will join US if Japan attacks.
November 14: HMS Ark Royal sinks off at Gibraltar by a Torpedo attack.
November 16: Germans capture Kerch.
November 18: Operation Crusader – second western desert campaign launched by the British 8th army.
November 19: British reach Sidi Rezegh.
November 22: Germans enter into Rostov.
November 23: Rommel destroys South African 5th Brigade.
November 25: All out German attack in Moscow.
November 26: US demands Japanese troops to withdraw from China. US forces receives war alert.
November 28: Russians retake Rostov from Germans.
November 29: Rommel orders counterattack.
December 1: Russians counterattack at Tula.
December 5: UK declares war on Hungary, Finland and Rumania.
December 6: Russian counterattack begins.
December 7: Japanese counter attack on Pearl Harbor. Japan declares war on US, UK. Japanese land at Thailand & Malaysia. Singapore bombed.
December 8: Allies declare war on Japan. Russia announces its neutrality. Japanese Army and Navy starts attack on Hong Kong. Japanese bomb Guam, Midway, and Wake Islands & Philippines.
December 9: Russians retake Tikhvin.
December 10: Japanese navy sinks HMS Repulse & Prince of Wales. Japanese land on Luzon.
December 11: US declare war on Italy, Germany.
December 15: British withdraw its troops in Malaysia & Burma. Rommel decides to evacuate Cyrenacia.
December 17: British advance to Gazala line. In Malaysia, British withdraw its troops to Perak River.
December 18: Japanese land on Hong Kong.
December 19: British retake Derna & Mechili.
December 22: Japanese land in Gulf of Lingayen. First Washington conference begins.
December 24: Japan army captures Wake Island. British retake Benghazi.
December 25: Hong Kong surrenders to Japan.
December 29: Russians retake Kerch, Feodosia.
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WORLD WAR II - 1942

January 1: Declaration of United Nations signed by the 26 Allied nations.
January 2: Japanese occupy Manila & Cavite. British & South Africans recapture Borovsk.
January 4: Additional Japanese troops arrive at east coast of Malaysia.
January 7: Heavy fighting between Chinese & Japanese at Changsha. Japanese enter into Central Malaysia.
January 8: Rommel forced to retreat from Ajdabiya.
January 9: Russians enter into Smolensk Prince.
January 16: Japan invades Burma from Thailand. US losses more troops in Bataan Peninsula.
January 17: Rommel’s last garrison in Cyrenaica surrender.
January 18: Axis power signs new military pact. Wannsee conference announces ‘Final solution of the Jewish problem’.
January 21: Rommel starts surprise attack and begins re-conquest of Cyrenaica.
January 22: Americans retreat of Bataan.
January 23: Japanese land at Rabaul, Kavieng & Balikpapan. Australia request US & UK for reinforcement. Heavy Japanese raid on Rangoon. Russians break through Lake Ilmen & Smolensk.
January 24: Battle of Macassar strait.
January 26: First American troops arrive at Great Britain.
January 28: Timoshenko advances into Ukraine. Rommel recaptures Benghazi.
January 30: British forces withdrawn from Singapore.
February 3: Japanese begin bombing of Moresby. Japanese make Pre-invasion air attack on Java. Japan capture Paan in Burma
February 4: Japan demand unconditional surrender of Singapore. Rommel captures Derna.
February 7: Japanese land of Singapore.
February 13: Red army enters White Russia.
February 15: Singapore surrenders to Japan.
February 19: Japan invades Bali & bombs Darwin.
February 20: Japan army land on Portuguese Timor. US agree to loan one billion dollar to Russia.
February 22: General Mac Arthur ordered to leave to Australia & appointed C-in-C of Allied forces in Australia.
February 23: Mutual agreement signed between US, UK, Australia & New Zealand.
February 27: Battle of Java Sea begins & allied troops destroyed.
February 28: Japanese army invades Java Island.
March 1: Russians launch offensive attack in Crimea.
March 2: Japan army land at Mindanao.
March 8: Japanese land at Lae & Salamanca. It started to enter Rangoon.
March 9: General Yamashita appointer C-in-C of Philippines. Dutch East India Company capitulates.
March 12: British garrison withdraws from Andaman Islands.
 March 18: British appoint Admiral Mountbatten as Chief of combined operations.
March 23: Japan captures Andaman Islands.
March 28: Allied troops starts raid on Saint-Nazaire.
March 30: Pacific war council established in Washington.
April 1: Japan army begins landing on Dutch New Guinea.
April 3: Japan starts all-out offensive against last line of defense of Bataan.
April 4: Japanese sinks HMS Dorsetshire, Cornwall, and Hermes in Indian Ocean.
April 9: General King surrenders Bataan.
April 16: George cross awarded at Malta.
April 18: Colonel Doolittle leads bombing raid on Japan.
April 29: Japan captures Lashio. Hitler & Mussolini meet at Salzburg.
April 30: Japan occupies central Burma.
May 1: British evacuate Mandalay.
May 2: All British troops from Irrawaddy withdrawn.
May 5: Japan army land on Corregidor. British army lands on Madagascar.
May 6: Wainwright surrenders all forces in Philippines.
May 7: Battle of Coral Sea begins.
May 8: Japan occupies Akyab. German begins summer offensive in Crimea. Main action on Battle of Coral Sea begins.
May 11: Japan launches offensive attack against Yunnan & Chekiang provinces.
May 13: Russia makes strong attack in Kharkov area. Germany withdraws forces in Kerch peninsula.
May 15: Retreating British forces cross Indo-Burma frontier.
May 16: Germans capture Kerch. Red army continues towards Kharkov.
May 17: Germans halt Russian offensive east of Kharkov.
May 20: Germans retake whole of Kerch peninsula. Japan takes defensive position in Burma.
May 26: 20 year old Anglo-Russian treaty signed. Rommel attacks Gazala line.
May 27: Heydrich assassinated in Prague.
May 28: Germans destroy large Russian forces in Kharkov area.
May 30: US task forces leave to Midway Islands. First Royal Air Force raids on Cologne.
June 4: Battle of Midway. US destroy four Japanese carriers.
June 5: Germans besiege Sebastopol.
June 7: Japanese invade Aleutians.
June 10: Free French forces withdrawn from Bir Hakeim.
June 17: British withdraw towards Egypt & leaves garrison in Tobruk.
June 19: Churchill & Roosevelt confer on problems of second front.
June 20: Tobruk falls. Germans drive towards Sebastopol defense.
June 24: Rommel advances to Sidi Barrani.
June 25: Auchinleck takes command in Desert. Eisenhower appointed as US C-in-C of Europe.
June 27: German advance to Mersa Matruh.
June 28: German offensive at Kursk. British started to withdraw to El Alamein area.
June 30: Rommel reaches Alamein.
July 2: British force German to withdraw from Alamein.
July 3: German captures Sebastopol. 
July 4: Germans reach Don on wide front. PQ-17 convoy to Russia attacked by German.
July 7: Germans capture Voronezh.
July 12: Australians arrive at Kokoda.
July 22: Japanese reinforcement of Kokoda Trail moves to Buna.
July 3: Stalin orders ‘Not another step back’.
July 31: Germans cross Don on front.
August 7: US marines land in Guadalcanal - Tulagi area of Solomons.
Aug 8: Battle of Savo Islands.
August 9: Germans capture Krasnodar & Maykop.
August 11: Violent attacks on ‘Pedestal’ convoy to Malta. HMS Eagle sunk.
August 12: First Moscow conference begins.
August 13: Montgomery takes command of 8th Army. Germans advance towards to Caucasus.
August 15: General Alexander takes over command of MEF from General Auchinleck.
August 17: Germans establish bridgeheads Kuban Peninsula. British & Canadian raid Dieppe.
August 19: General Paulus order German 6th army to attack Stalingrad.
August 24: Sea battle begins east of Solomon.
August 26: Japan land at Milne.
August 28: Heavy fighting around Stalingrad.
August 31: Battle of Alam el Halfa begins.
September 3: Fierce fighting at south of Stalingrad.
September 5: Australians force Japan to move out of Milne Bay.
September 11: Japanese halted in Owen Stanley Range at Ioribaiwa.
September 16: German army Group B enters through suburbs of Stalingrad.
September 30: First British liaison mission arrives in Greece.
October 11: Battle of Cape Esperance off Guadalcanal.
October 14: Hitler orders all troops to stop on Eastern front.
October 17: Bitter fighting at Eora Creek on Kokoda Trail.
October 19: US war department agrees to equip 30 more Chinese divisions.
October 23: Battle of Alamein starts. Japanese suffer heavy losses in Guadalcanal.
October 24: Battle of Santa Cruz off Guadalcanal. USS Hornet sunk.
October 25: El Alamein battle intensified. Another Japanese attack repulsed on Guadalcanal.
October 30: 8th army assault on northern flank of the 30th corps.
November 1: Marines launch attacks on Guadalcanal.
November 2: Operation ‘Supercharge’, the breakout from Alamein begins.
November 4: Axis starts to retreat from Alamein.
November 6: British 8th army approach Mersa Matruh.
November 8: Operation ‘Torch’ begins. Algeria falls to Germany.
November 10: Rommel starts to evacuate Sidi Barrani. ÚS troops take Oran.
November 11: Axis troops enter unoccupied France and Corsica.
November 12: US navy losses 2 Cruisers & 4 destroyers in the naval battle at the 1st battle of Guadalcanal.
November 13: British 8th army reaches Tobruk.
November 15: Japan nears to defeat in Guadalcanal.
November 18: British 8th army enters Cyrene.
November 20: British 8th army enters Benghazi.
November 23: Soviet Red Army forms ring around German 6th army at Stalingrad. Hitler orders dig and await relief.
November 28: Wide Russian offensive on Central Forces.
November 30: Naval Battle of Tassafaronga.
December 13: Rommel withdraws troops from El Aghelia.
December 17: United Nations to avenge Nazi crimes against Jews.
December 18: U.S. and Australian troops fight fiercely against Japan in Papua.
December 21: British and Indian troops cross Burma and advance towards Akyab.
December 24: Admiral Darian assassinated.
December 25: 8th army occupies Sirte.
December 28: Hitler agrees to withdraw Army A from Caucasus.
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WORLD WAR II - 1943

January 3: Germans start to withdraw from Caucasus.
January 4: Japanese begin to evacuate from Guadalcanal.
January 8: Rokossovsky send Ultimatum to Paulus to surrender German 6th army.
January 15: 8th army opens offensive against Buerat.
January 18: German army uses Tiger tanks in Tunisia. Seige of Leningrad raised by Russian attack.
January 19: British 8th army occupies Homs, Tarhuna. Japanese retreat from Sanananda.
January 23: British 8th army enters Tripoli.
January 26: Russians complete capture of Voronezh and took prisoners.
January 27: US Air Force makes first attack of Germany bombing at Wilhelmshaven.
January 31: Paulus surrenders southern 6th army at Stalingrad.
February 1: Japanese 17th army evacuated from Guadalcanal. Churchill arrives in Cairo from Adana.
February 2: German forces capitulate at Stalingrad.
February 6: Russians reach Sea of Azov at Yeysk, isolating German group army A.
February 8: Russians take Kursk.
February 14: Germans launch counter attack In Tunisia. Russians take Rostov.
February 16: Russians capture Kharkov, Voroshilovgrad. British 8th army occupies Mareth line outpost.
February 17: Germans reach Feriana, Kasserine, Sbeitla.
February 20: Germans break-through to Kasserine pass.
February 25: Allied troops recover Kasserine pass.
March 2: Battle of Bismarck Sea begins.
March 5: End of Bismarck Sea battle. 12 Japanese ships sunk.
March 6: Rommel leaves from Africa.
March 12: Opening of military conference on Pacific in Washington.
March 13: Chinese army pushes Japanese back to cross Yangtze.
March 15: Germans recapture Kharkov.
March 20: 8th army starts attack on Arakan front.
March 28: German 8th army takes Mareth, Toujane, and Matmata.
March 29: German 8th army occupies Gebes, El Hamma.
April 6: 8th army attacks at Wadi Akarit.
April 7: 8th army links with US II corps. Hitler, Mussolini met at Fuhrer’s Headquarters.
April 18: Admiral Yamamoto’s plane intercepted & shot down. Yamamoto killed in the attack.
April 19: Rising in Warsaw Ghetto begins.
April 21: British 8th army takes Enfidaville.
April 22: 1st army attack at Bou Arada towards Tunis.
April 23: Hitler orders utmost severity in treatment of Jews in Warsaw Ghetto.
April 24: US warships enter though Japanese positions in the Aleutians.
April 30: British appoint new command to Royal Navy to co-ordinate convoy protection.
May 7: 18th army group overruns Tunisia & Bizerte.
May 9: Axis forces in US II corps zone in Tunisia surrender.
May 11: US infantry make surprise landing on Attu.
May 12: Arnim & Axis forces surrender in Africa. 2nd Washington conference begins.
May 13: Giovanni Messe surrenders. Japanese launches heavy air attacks in New Guinea.
May 16: Rising suppressed in Warsaw Ghetto.
May 17: Japanese retreat on Attu.
May 21: Japanese launch attack on central China.
May 23: Heaviest Royal Air Force raid on Dortmund and drops 2000 tons.
May 25: 2nd Washington conference ends.
May 27: First dropping of British liaison mission to Tito’s partisans.
May 29: Chinese launch new counterattack on Hubei-Hunan border, supported by US Air Force.
May 30: Organized resistance collapses on Attu.
June 4: Russians bomb Karachev, Bryansk. Luftwaffe bombs Gorki.
June 8: Japanese order abandonment of Kiska.
June 11: British invade Pantelleria virtually unopposed.
June 16: Tojo informs Japanese Diet that the war situation became tense. Japan lost 100 aircraft on Guadalcanal.
June 20: Japan launch attacks on Australian positions on Mubo-Lababia Ridge area in New Guinea.
June 25: Allies continue bombing of Sicily.
July 1: Americans capture Viru Harbour, New Georgia Islands.
July 4: General Sikorski killed in air crash.
July 5: Germans launch last attack on Eastern front in Kursk sector.
July 9: Us troops land on Sicily. Russian stops axis forces north & south of Kursk.
July 12: Greatest tank battle in history fought near Prokhorovka. Russians start counter attack.
July 15: Russians launch near Orel. Japanese lose 45 aircraft in air battle over central Solomon.
July 22: Americans capture Palermo.
July 24: King of Italy invited to command armed forces. 20000 killed by RAF air raid on Hamburg.
July 25: Mussolini resigns and arrested. Marshal Badoglio takes command of Italian army and forms government.
July 26: Martial Law in Italy. Fascist party dissolved.
July 28: Roosevelt broadcasts Allies terms to Italy.
August 1: De Gaulle becomes president of French committee of National Defense. Giraud appointed as C-in-C of French armed forces. Allied nations warn neutral countries not to give shelter to war criminals.
August 5: Russians take Orel, Belgorod.
August 6: Battle of Vella Gulf. Russians close in on Kharkov.
August 12: Large scale German evacuation from Sicily.
August 14: Rome declared as open city.
August 17: Americans enter Messina. All opposition in Sicily ends. Royal Air Force bombs Peenemunde.
August 22: Germans evacuate Kharkov.
August 23: Russians capture Kharkov. Russians raid on Chung King.
August 28: Japan opposition in New Georgia ends.
September 3: Allies land in Messina. Allies sign Armistice with Italy but not announced.
September 4: Allies land at east of Lae.
September 7: Himmler & Goring order total evacuation of Ukraine.
September 8: Eisenhower and Badoglio announce surrender of Italy. Russians finish retake of Donets Basin.
September 9: Allies land at Salerno. First British Airborne division lands at Taranto.
September 10: Germans occupy Rome. 8th army takes Taranto.
September 12: Skorzeny rescues Mussolini.
September 13: Germans push 5th army back at Salerno. Chiang Kai-Shek elected as President of China.
September 22: Allies land at Bari. Poltava took by Russian army.
September 25: Russians take Smolensk.
October 1: US 5th army capture Naples.
October 2: US 5th army takes Benevento. British commandos land at Termoli.
October 3: Japan attacks central China.
October 5: US Navy begins two day Sea and air bombardment of Wake Islands.
October 13: Italy declares war on Germany.
October 18: Second Moscow conference.
November 5: US Task Force & US air force destroys Japan cruisers & destroyers at Rabaul.
November 6: Japan recaptures Kiev.
November 7: Japanese reinforcement land on Bougainville.
November 20: US troops land on Makin 7 Tarawa Atolls. British 8th army crosses Sangro.
November 22: First Cairo conference.
November 23: Organized resistance at Tarawa ends.
November 28:  Teheran conference begins.
December 3: Russians advance to wide front. 2nd Cairo conference begins.
December 7: Cairo conference ends.
December 12: Czech-soviet alliance signed in Moscow. Rommel appointed as C-in-C of fortress Europe.
December 14: Russians open winter offensive.
December 17: 5th army takes Sen Pietro.
December 21: Russian destroy German bridgehead over Dnieper at Kherson.
December 25: Allies land on New Britain.
December 26: American marines land at Cape Gloucester. Royal Navy sinks the Scharnhorst. Russians launch offensive on Kiev Salient.
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